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    From Reproductive System

    Female - Labia Majora
    Outer folds of skin surrounding vaginal opening.
    Female - Body of Uterus
    Main central region.
    Female - Labia Minora
    Inner folds of skin surrounding vestibule.
    Female - Hymen
    Membranous tissue partially covering vaginal opening.
    Male - Corpus Cavernosum
    Paired erectile tissue bodies in penis.
    Male - Urethra
    Conducts semen and urine to the outside.
    Female - Cervix
    Lower narrow portion opening into vagina.
    Female - Isthmus of Uterine Tube
    Narrow segment near uterus.
    Female - Vaginal Orifice
    External opening of the vagina.
    Female - Infundibulum
    Funnel-shaped end of uterine tube near ovary.
    Female - Broad Ligament
    Supports uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries.
    Female - Suspensory Ligament of Ovary
    Contains ovarian vessels.
    Female - Ampulla of Uterine Tube
    Site of fertilization.
    Male - Scrotum
    External sac that holds and protects the testes.
    Female - Vestibule of Vagina
    Space between labia minora containing openings.
    Female - Ovarian Ligament
    Connects ovary to uterus.
    Female - Uterine (Fallopian) Tubes
    Transport ova from ovaries to uterus.
    Male - Glans Penis
    Expanded tip of the penis.
    Male - Corpus Spongiosum
    Erectile tissue surrounding urethra.
    Female - Ovaries
    Primary female reproductive organs that produce oocytes and hormones.
    Male - Seminal Vesicles
    Produce seminal fluid that nourishes sperm.
    Female - Fundus of Uterus
    Top portion of uterus above uterine tubes.
    Female - Greater Vestibular (Bartholin's) Glands
    Secrete mucus for lubrication.
    Male - Vas Deferens
    Transports sperm from epididymis to ejaculatory duct.
    Female - Clitoris
    Erectile organ involved in female sexual response.

    Male - Ejaculatory Duct

    Reviewed by our medical team

    Passage for semen into the urethra.

    1. Overview

    The ejaculatory ducts are paired ducts in the male reproductive system that serve as conduits for transporting sperm and seminal fluid into the prostatic urethra during ejaculation. Formed by the union of the vas deferens and the duct of the seminal vesicle, each ejaculatory duct plays a critical role in semen delivery and male fertility.

    2. Location

    Each ejaculatory duct is located within the posterior portion of the prostate gland. It begins where the ampulla of the vas deferens merges with the duct of the seminal vesicle. From there, the ejaculatory duct passes through the prostate and opens into the prostatic urethra at the verumontanum (a raised ridge on the posterior wall of the urethra).

    3. Structure

    Each ejaculatory duct is approximately 2 centimeters in length and has the following components:

    • Origin: Formed by the union of the vas deferens and seminal vesicle duct.

    • Pathway: Passes anteroinferiorly through the prostate gland, running close together before terminating in the urethra.

    • Opening: Empties into the prostatic urethra via a slit-like opening on either side of the seminal colliculus (verumontanum).

    Histologically, the duct is lined by pseudostratified columnar epithelium and surrounded by smooth muscle that facilitates the expulsion of semen.

    4. Function

    The primary function of the ejaculatory ducts is:

    • Transport of semen: Conducts sperm from the vas deferens and seminal fluid from the seminal vesicles into the prostatic urethra during ejaculation.

    • Delivery timing: Ensures that sperm and seminal fluid are mixed and released at the appropriate stage of the ejaculatory reflex.

    The ducts do not carry urine and are separate from the urinary pathway except at the point where they open into the urethra.

    5. Physiological Role(s)

    The ejaculatory ducts participate in the broader physiology of ejaculation:

    • Ejaculatory reflex: Sympathetic nervous stimulation triggers contraction of the ductal smooth muscle, forcing semen into the urethra.

    • Sperm delivery: Coordinate the movement of sperm and seminal fluid from storage (vas deferens, seminal vesicles) toward expulsion.

    • Directional flow: The ducts help prevent retrograde flow of semen into the bladder, assisted by bladder neck closure during ejaculation.

    These functions ensure efficient and timed emission of semen during sexual climax.

    6. Clinical Significance

    Ejaculatory ducts can be affected by several medical conditions that may impair fertility or cause urinary symptoms:

    • Ejaculatory duct obstruction (EDO): Can be congenital or acquired (e.g., due to inflammation, cysts, stones, or scarring). Symptoms may include low semen volume, azoospermia (no sperm in ejaculate), painful ejaculation, or infertility.

    • Congenital absence or atresia: Rare developmental anomaly that results in absent ducts and obstructive azoospermia.

    • Prostatic cysts: Midline cysts within the prostate can compress the ejaculatory ducts, mimicking obstruction.

    • Seminal vesiculitis or prostatitis: Infection or inflammation in adjacent structures may extend to the ducts, causing discomfort or ejaculatory dysfunction.

    • Diagnosis: Transrectal ultrasound (TRUS), seminal vesiculography, MRI, and semen analysis are used to evaluate ductal obstruction or anomalies.

    • Treatment: May include transurethral resection of the ejaculatory ducts (TURED) or aspiration of cysts to relieve obstruction and restore fertility.

    Proper functioning of the ejaculatory ducts is essential for semen delivery, and their disruption is a potentially reversible cause of male infertility.

    Did you know? The clitoris is the most sensitive part of the female reproductive system and contains more than 8,000 nerve endings.